Monday, December 3, 2018

Yennenga

Image result for yennega


Yennenga was an admirable African princess who lived roughly 900 years ago. She joined her father in battle at the young age of 14. Her combat specialties included javelins, spears, and bows; she was also efficient on horseback and lead her own battalion. When she became of marrying age, her father forbid her to do so, instead casting her into the role of warrior chief. Yennenga was angered at her father for making this decision for her, so she dressed as a man and fled, taking back her life for herself.

She is particularly revered in what is today known as Burkina Faso; here it is believed that she and her sons founded the Moose chieftains, who still hold much of the country's political power.

Yennenga has become a cultural icon in African cultures. There are statues, roads, comic strips and a film named in her honor. Even Burkina Faso's national football team gives praise to her legend ("The Stallions" after her famous horse). Her tale has inspired many African people as she is seen as a symbol for strong women, in both body and mind.

Yennenga has a unique story in that she was given the opportunity to be a great warrior, but she desired a different life for herself. Instead of just accepting what her father told her, she took matters into her own hands and made her own path. While she was an incredible fighter, what really makes her a warrior woman is her sense of self-worth who didn't let anyone control her or stop her from doing what she wanted. By not following her pre-set path, she founded a country that hold women on a different standard than many other places. Because of her, the women of Burkina Faso have someone to look up to and thank for providing them with a better outlook in their society.








Works Cited: 

“Princess Yennega From Mossi Ethnic Group of Burkina Faso.” Africani Sankofa, 25 Apr. 2017, rediscoveringafricaheritage.wordpress.com/2017/04/22/princess-yennega-from-mossi-ethnic-group-of-burkina-faso/comment-page-1/. 

“Women in African History.” UNESCO, en.unesco.org/womeninafrica/yennega/biography. 



Sunday, November 25, 2018

Oya

Image result for oya orisha  Oya is an orisha from Santeria. The term orisha comes from southern Nigeria and means any of the various minor gods. She lives in the marketplace where she (1) steers the changing fortunes made through business. She is the gatekeeper of the cemetery and leads the spirits of the dead to the threshold. (2) Oya has an extreme love for nature and is the goddess of the Niger River. She's able to summon the dead or wish it away. In fact, she uses the dead to keep her lover Chango in his place since he has a fear of them. Unfortunately, Oya is no stranger to heartbreak and grief. (1) She is also known as the "mother of nine" because she gave birth to nine stillborn babies. To honor and remember her lost children she wears nine different colored scarves around her waist. Oya did however take in unwanted twins who she then raised as her own. (3) Oya is both loved and feared. When released she is the "Savage Warrior" and the "Protective Mother." If treated poorly or spoken down upon she goes from a loving and kind mother to a warrior of destruction. The machete is her most prized possession and weapon. She is known to use a tornado in battle and stands tall next to Chango in battle.

                     Image result for oya orisha I do believe she represents her culter well. Santeria women are known to be intelligent and powerful. I absolutely fell in love with learning about her. A woman that has ties to the dead and drives fear into those who have betrayed her is a woman who deserves some more recognition. She uses the forces of nature to aide her in battle and relies on no one. Oya is an excellent representation of women in that they can be loving and caring, but can rain down on you with her wrath. She is not one to be fucked with. I would actually really enjoy watching a movie about her. She is a powerful and intelligent being all by herself and she is not afraid to hold back.
                                       
 Citations
1. http://santeriachurch.org/the-orishas/oya/
2. https://www.originalbotanica.com/blog/orishas-oya-santeria/
3. http://www.orderwhitemoon.org/goddess/oya-storms/Oya.html

Tuesday, November 13, 2018

Joanna of Flanders

Joanna of Flanders in Armor 
Known as "Jeanne la Flamme" for her fiery personality and her ways of taking charge, Joanna of Flanders knew what she wanted and despite being a woman in the 1300s, took charge of every situation she found herself in.

Married to John of Monfort, Joanna soon would become Duchess of Brittany with the help of her role as a leader in battle. These wars came to happen because of titles. Both Joannas husband John and Joan of Penthièvre had declared that they were to take over the "Duchy" of Brittany. Once the King of France had gotten John of Monfort put into jail, Joanna retaliated-- starting the Breton War of Succession (1, 3).


The Breton War of Succession (1341-1364)

Lasting 23 years, the Breton War of Succession was essentially created by Joanna of Flanders herself.  Declaring her son the heir to the Duchy since her husband was in jail, Joanna raised an army to take the land as her own (4). Leading her newly formed army into Redon, France, Joanna soon took over the city and moved onto Hennebon. Throughout all of this Joanna was a constant feminine in getting other females to take their safety into their own hands, to follow her lead and fight. 
Joanna of Flanders, 1342

The key part in the Siege of Hennebont was Joanna turning her own disadvantage into a success for her side of this war.
After getting surrounded in the town, Joanna saw that De Blois had left almost all of his camps unguarded while surrounding Hennebont and the troops along with the townspeople inside. Seeing this, Joanna led almost 300 men in armor to destroy the armies tents, supplies, and more. From this moment on, she was given the title of "Jeanne la Flamme" or Fiery Joan (1,2,3).

23 years of fighting ensued, with Joanna never ceasing to amaze throughout most of this time-- constantly getting into battle herself, she was said to have fought alongside her own army.

Her husband John was eventually released, but after more conflict and more imprisonment, he died in 1345. During this time period, Joanna had slowed down in her roles of the war. After her husbands passing however, she once again became the leader of her army, this time to help protect her sons right to the Duchy (4).

It was said that after all the fighting and the loss of her husband, Joanna was put into confinement for a supposed mental illness (1). And while her last few years have blurred spots in it due to this, Joanna lived long enough to see her son John V become the Duke of Brittany, which was all she had wanted (4).

Not only was Joanna of Flanders an exceptional leader who brought victory almost every where she went, she was a woman who provided the grounds for more famous women warriors to come. Joanna is said to have influenced Joan of Arc, and many other women in times to come.  

"[Joanna of Flanders] had the courage of a man and the heart of a lion"- Jean Froissart












Work Cited
(1) “Joanna of Flanders.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 5 July 2018, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joanna_of_Flanders.
(2) Moniek. “Fiery Joanna of Flanders.” History of Royal Women, 1 Feb. 2018, www.historyofroyalwomen.com/the-royal-women/fiery-joanna-of-flanders/.
(3) “Women Warriors - Meet Seven of History's Most Amazing Female Commanders.” MilitaryHistoryNow.com, 11 Jan. 2016, militaryhistorynow.com/2013/05/15/women-warriors-meet-seven-of-historys-most-amazing-female-commanders/.
(4) Wilhite, Debby. “Joanna of Flanders.” Order of Medieval Women, 2011, www.medievalwomen.org/joanna-of-flanders.html.
“Joan, Duchess of Brittany.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 3 June 2018, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joan,_Duchess_of_Brittany.

Thursday, November 1, 2018

Milunka Savić

 Milunka Savić is the most decorated female war hero in history.  She was born on June 28, 1892 in the Koprivnica villege of the Kingdom of Serbia.  It was in 1912 that her brother was called on to serve in the Balkan Wars. It is unclear whether she fought alongside him or chose to go in his place.  Either way, she chopped her hair and disguised herself as a man in order to volunteer in the Serbian army where she gained recognition for her valor rather quickly.

The documentary, "Milunka Savić – Heroine of the Great War", highlights Savić's accomplishments and shows the world the life of the woman who should be the most celebrated woman warrior.  Not only was she awarded by the Kingdom of Serbia, but she also received high honors from Great Britain, France, and Russia. She fought in both the Balkan Wars and World War I as a Sargent.  She was wounded a total of four times, with the first time being revealed as a woman.  When her commander found out, he attempted to have her transfer to the Nursing division, as she had already accomplished more than many men and wasn't willing to punish her. As a natural-born warrior, she requested he allow her to stay, standing at attention for about an hour until he relented, letting her remain the soldier she had fought to become.  Milunka Savić received the following honors during her military service:  

1. Order of the Star of Karađorđe
2. Légion d’Honneur (twice)
3. Russian Cross of St. George
4. British medal of the Most Distinguished Order of St Michael
5. Miloš Obilić medal
6. Croix de Guerre with gold palm


Milunka Savić accomplished a great deal for a poor farm girl in a kingdom where women have had little say in much of anything.  While women in Serbia are still fighting today for equality, as women are all over the world, the highest officials throughout Serbia honor and respect Savić for the warrior that she was. Savić refused to be anything less than she was and she was fortunate enough to be rewarded for her victories rather than looked at as some crazy woman. 


Works Cited:

"Milunka Savić." The Female Soldier, 20 Apr. 2015, http://thefemalesoldier.com/blog/milunka-savi 

"Milunka Savic." Badass of the Week, http://www.badassoftheweek.com/savic.html 

"Milunka Savić." Wikipedia, 4 May 2018, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milunka_Savi%C4%87 

"Premiere of the film "Milunka Savic – Heroine of the Great War." Ministry of Defense Republic of Serbia, 10 Apr. 2013, http://www.mod.gov.rs/eng/5629/premijera-filma-milunka-savic-heroina-velikog-rata-5629 

"Serbia." UN Women, http://eca.unwomen.org/en/where-we-are/serbia 





Sunday, October 28, 2018

Sunitha Krishnan


Sunitha Krishnan was born in Bangalore, India, in 1972. Her activist passion began at an early age; between the ages of eight and twelve, she taught dance to special needs children and started school's in the "slum" district for underprivileged youth. While working at a literacy campaign at the age of 15, Krishnan was beaten and raped by a group of men who didn't want a woman interfering in what they called a "man's society." This incident left her partially deaf in one ear, and became the driving force behind her future advocacies. 

In 1996, Krishnan co-founded the organization called Prajwala, which means "eternal flame." Prajwala is dedicated to helping victims of sex trafficking in India. The various programs focus on every aspect of rehabilitation from the prostitution industry, including rescuing victims from these tragic situations. Those who are recovered are given shelter, in which they receive medical care for both physical and psychological needs as well as proper education and vocational training so that they can learn to thrive in their communities. Krishnan encourages others to reach out and get involved:

"Together we will end sex slavery across the Globe! I wish to interact with those of you who would like to start/ expand this mission in your own geographical areas. Every month on a designated day and time, I will be available for a live chat from this webpage on exploring the possibilities of spreading this mission world-wide."

Krishnan's cause resonates with women all over the world, whether they have been a victim of sexual abuse, know someone who has, or just want to be an advocate for their fellow women. Even though she faced her own trauma as a young woman, she did not let that stop her mission, but instead used it as fuel to help others. Krishnan never gave up and now she is changing the lives of thousands of people. 




Works Consulted:
“CURRENT NEWS.” Prajwala, www.prajwalaindia.com/index.html.  
“Sunitha Krishnan, World of Children.” World of Children, worldofchildren.org/honoree/sunitha-krishnan/. 
“Sunitha Krishnan.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, Oct. 2018, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunitha_Krishnan.

Friday, October 26, 2018

Inanna (Ishtar): Goddess of War, Love, and Sex

Originally noted in ancient Mesopotamia, Inanna, is the Goddess of war, sex, love, and fertility. She became to be one of the most powerful women in ancient Babylon, and even has higher authority over men. Inanna is worshipped and loved by many Mesopotamians. Temples in Uruk, Babylon, and Nineveh have been built so people can devout their worship to her (1).

Many stories have been told on how Inanna originated. A primary myth is that, Inanna, is the daughter of the sky God, An, and is even sometimes is wife (2). She is also interpreted as the twin of Shamash. This triad creates Heaven, Earth, and Water. Inanna controls the Earth, and the people within it (1).

As the Goddess of war, Inanna, would would assist the Assyrian solider in war. Before battle started, Ishtar, would appear before the army in armor of a male, and often times was seen riding a lion (1). She helped the army win many battle, and is seen as a strong aspect in wartime.

Inanna is also known for her intense sense to sexuality. Inanna was known for her beauty, and many loved her. She was never faithful in her marriage, and often times seduced others. In The Epic of Gilgamesh, Inanna, sends people to destroy Gilgamesh's relax after he rejects her (3). She also was seen as the patron to her cult of prostitutes. These scared prostitutes were of all genders, and must ensure fertility among the communities (3).

 Inanna is among one of the most popular Goddess. She has inspirited other deities in other cultures around the world, and is promotes feminine power. She is fully aware of her beauty, and uses that to her advantage. She does not care about how men will perceive her. In ancient Sumerian culture, women were seen as equals to men, and this Goddess represents the culture at that time. Many still worship her today because what she stands for, and reminds others that everyone is equal.










Works Cited:
1) "Ishtar". New World Encyclopedia, New World Encyclopedia, 25 October 2018, http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Ishtar#History_and_character

2) “Ishtar: Mesopotamian Goddess”. Encyclopedia of Britannica. Britannica. 25 October 2018, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ishtar-Mesopotamian-goddess

3) “Inanna”. Ancient History Encyclopedia. Ancient History Encyclopedia, 25 October 2018, https://www.ancient.eu/Inanna                        
                                                                                                                       

Thursday, October 25, 2018

Maria Quiteria



It is not hard to imagine a time when women were not given equal rights as men, especially when it came to fighting in the war. María Quitéria was born on July 27th, 1792 on a farm in Feira de Santana, Bahia, Colonial Brazil. Maria lost her mother when she was just ten years old, forcing her to grow up faster and take care of herself as well as her little sister. After her mother’s death, Maria’s father remarried twice. Maria’s relationship with her second stepmother was a bit rocky, as their values and beliefs often did not align. 

Since Maria did not attend school, she spent most of her time tending to the farm and providing to her family. She often would go hunting and fishing, and had knowledge of how to handle weapons. All of these skills would soon help her later on in life. Maria was ahead of her time for a female in the 1790’s. She was very independent and went against the norms of girls her age. Domestic chores were a bore to her, as she could not wait to go out and hunt the families dinner for the night. 

In 1822 the Brazilian army started asking for volunteers for the war against the Portuguese. When Maria’s father denied her request to join, she borrowed her brother in laws uniform,cut her hair, and enlisted in the army as a man. Women were prohibited to fight in the war, so this was the only way Maria could join the cause. She felt as though that this was her life calling, explaining why she was so different than other women at the time.

With her experience of handling weapons Maria enlisted in the artillery regiment under the name Medeiros. She was then moved to the infantry and became part of the Emperors Volunteer Battalion, where she became the first ever woman to belong to a military unit in Brazil. Two weeks later, her father found her and exposed her identity as a woman to her commander. However, when her commander Major Silva and Castro were informed of this they did not allow Maria to leave. She had already proved herself worthy with gaining the respect and companionship of her fellow soldiers, as well as having vast knowledge and the skills needed when it came to handling the artillery. 

After it was revealed that Maria was indeed a woman, she was not required to dress in mens clothes and continue the act she had put up to get into the army. She wore skirts and props that she made herself to make herself more feminine. Maria’s act of bravery influenced woman all over Brazil to join the army. This group of women were led by Maria and continued to fight alongside her.Maria and her crew fought many battles including Mare Island, Island, Barra do Paraguaçu, Itapuã and Pituba. Maria was eventually promoted to a Cadet after Brazil had defeated the Portuguese troops. According to Governo do Brasil, in July of 1823 Maria was recognized as a honorable hero of the wars for independence. She received the title of Knight of the Imperial Order of the Cross from the Emperor himself. This Brazilian magazine tells the story of Maria and all of her accomplishments in battle. It also provides good visuals to help illustrate her accomplishments. 




Maria is the depiction of a true woman warrior. She fought not only a physical war but also a personal battle. Being the first woman to ever to belong to a unit in the Brazilian army was a huge accomplishment. This act helped paved the way for many young woman, showing them they did not have to be at home waiting for their husbands to return from war. She went against her cultural values first by joining the war, then by becoming such a memorable soldier. Her picture is now hung up in all military buildings in Brazil in honor of her service and progressive feminist movement rights. There is also now a medal named after her, “The Medal of Maria Quiteria” which is awarded to civilian and military personnel for their acts towards military efforts. 





Works Cited

“María Quitéria De Jesús, The Heroine of Brazil.” Amura Yachts & Lifestyle, amuraworld.com/en/topics/history-art-and-culture/articles/272-maria-quiteria-de-jesus-the-heroine-of-brazil.

“Maria Quitéria.” Governo Do Brasil, 4 May 2012, www.brasil.gov.br/noticias/seguranca-e-justica/2012/04/maria-quiteria.

“Maria Quitéria.” Brasil Escola, brasilescola.uol.com.br/biografia/maria-quiteria.htm.

“Maria Quitéria.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 23 Sept. 2018, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Quit%C3%A9ria.